| F | SK | SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING |
| F22 | KL | STEAM GENERATION (chemical or physical apparatus for generating gases B01J; chemical generation of gas, e.g. under pressure, Section C; removal of combustion products or residues, e.g. cleaning of the combustion contaminated surfaces of tubes of boilers, F23J; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R; water heaters not for steam generation F24H, F28; cleaning of internal or external surfaces of heat-transfer conduits, e.g. water tubes of boilers, F28G) |
| F22B | UKL | METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS (steam engine plants where engine aspects predominate F01K; domestic central-heating systems using steam F24D; heat exchange or heat transfer in general F28; generation of vapour in the cores of nuclear reactors G21) |
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| F22B 1/00 | HGR | Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method (use of solar heat F24J 2/00; jackets or other cooling means in which steam is generated and which serve for cooling other apparatus, see the subclasses for such apparatus) |
| F22B 1/02 | UGR1 | | . | by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers |
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| F22B 1/04 | UGR2 | | . . | the heat carrier being hot slag, hot residues, or heated blocks, e.g. iron blocks |
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| F22B 1/06 | UGR2 | | . . | the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium |
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| F22B 1/08 | UGR2 | | . . | the heat carrier being steam |
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| F22B 1/10 | UGR3 | | . . . | released from heat accumulators |
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| F22B 1/12 | UGR3 | | . . . | produced by an indirect cyclic process |
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| F22B 1/14 | UGR3 | | . . . | coming in direct contact with water in bulk or in sprays |
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| F22B 1/16 | UGR2 | | . . | the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour |
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| F22B 1/18 | UGR2 | | . . | the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines (use of waste heat of combustion engines, in general, F02) |
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| F22B 1/20 | UGR1 | | . | using heat evolved in a solution absorbing steam; Soda steam boilers |
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| F22B 1/22 | UGR1 | | . | using combustion under pressure substantially exceeding atmospheric pressure |
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| F22B 1/24 | UGR2 | | . . | Pressure-fired steam boilers, e.g. using turbo air compressors actuated by hot gases from boiler furnace |
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| F22B 1/26 | UGR2 | | . . | Steam boilers of submerged-flame type, i.e. the flame being surrounded by, or impinging on, the water to be vaporised |
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| F22B 1/28 | UGR1 | | . | in boilers heated electrically |
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| F22B 1/30 | UGR2 | |
| F22B 3/00 | HGR | Other methods of steam generation |
| F22B 3/02 | UGR1 | | . | involving the use of working media other than water |
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| F22B 3/04 | UGR1 | | . | by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure-reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators (steam accumulators per seF01K 1/00) |
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| F22B 3/06 | UGR1 | | . | by transformation of mechanical, e.g. kinetic, energy into heat energy |
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| F22B 3/08 | UGR1 | | . | at critical or supercritical pressure values |
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| F22B 5/00 | HGR | Steam boilers of drum type, i.e. without internal furnace or fire tubes, the boiler body being contacted externally by flue gas |
| F22B 5/02 | UGR1 | | . | with auxiliary water tubes outside the boiler body |
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| F22B 5/04 | UGR1 | | . | Component parts thereof; Accessories therefor (covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general F16J 13/00) |
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| F22B 7/00 | HGR | Steam boilers of furnace-tube type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed inside one or more furnace tubes built-in in the boiler body |
| F22B 7/02 | UGR1 | | . | without auxiliary water tubes |
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| F22B 7/04 | UGR1 | | . | with auxiliary water tubes |
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| F22B 7/06 | UGR2 | | . . | inside the furnace tube in transverse arrangement |
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| F22B 7/08 | UGR2 | | . . | inside the furnace tube in longitudinal arrangement |
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| F22B 7/10 | UGR2 | | . . | outside the boiler body |
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| F22B 7/12 | UGR1 | | . | with auxiliary fire tubes; Arrangement of header boxes providing for return diversion of flue gas flow |
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| F22B 7/14 | UGR1 | | . | with both auxiliary water tubes and auxiliary fire tubes |
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| F22B 7/16 | UGR1 | | . | Component parts thereof; Accessories therefor, e.g. stay-bolt connections |
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| F22B 7/18 | UGR2 | | . . | Walling of flues; Flue-gas header boxes |
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| F22B 7/20 | UGR2 | |
| F22B 9/00 | HGR | Steam boilers of fire-tube type, i.e. the flue gas from a combustion chamber outside the boiler body flowing through tubes built-in in the boiler body |
| F22B 9/02 | UGR1 | | . | the boiler body being disposed upright, e.g. above the combustion chamber |
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| F22B 9/04 | UGR2 | | . . | the fire tubes being in upright arrangement |
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| F22B 9/06 | UGR3 | | . . . | Arrangement of header boxes providing for return diversion of flue gas flow |
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| F22B 9/08 | UGR2 | | . . | the fire tubes being in horizontal arrangement |
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| F22B 9/10 | UGR1 | | . | the boiler body being disposed substantially horizontally, e.g. at the side of the combustion chamber |
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| F22B 9/12 | UGR2 | | . . | the fire tubes being in substantially-horizontal arrangement |
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| F22B 9/14 | UGR3 | | . . . | Arrangement of header boxes providing for return diversion of flue gas flow |
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| F22B 9/16 | UGR1 | | . | the boiler body containing fire tubes disposed crosswise in inclined upward arrangement |
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| F22B 9/18 | UGR1 | | . | Component parts thereof; Accessories therefor, e.g. stay-bolt connections |
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| F22B 11/00 | HGR | Steam boilers of combined fire-tube type and water-tube type, i.e. steam boilers of fire-tube type having auxiliary water tubes |
| F22B 11/02 | UGR1 | | . | the fire tubes being in upright arrangement |
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| F22B 11/04 | UGR1 | | . | the fire tubes being in horizontal arrangement |
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| F22B 13/00 | HGR | Steam boilers of fire-box type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed in a chamber or fire-box with subsequent flue(s) or fire tube(s), both chamber or fire-box and flues or fire tubes being built-in in the boiler body |
| F22B 13/02 | UGR1 | | . | mounted in fixed position with the boiler body disposed upright |
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| F22B 13/04 | UGR1 | | . | mounted in fixed position with the boiler body disposed substantially horizontally |
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| F22B 13/06 | UGR1 | | . | Locomobile, traction-engine, steam-roller, or locomotive boilers |
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| F22B 13/08 | UGR2 | | . . | without auxiliary water tubes inside the fire-box |
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| F22B 13/10 | UGR2 | | . . | with auxiliary water tubes inside the fire-box |
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| F22B 13/12 | UGR3 | | . . . | the auxiliary water tubes lining the fire-box |
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| F22B 13/14 | UGR1 | | . | Component parts thereof; Accessories therefor |
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| F22B 13/16 | UGR2 | | . . | Stay-bolt connections, e.g. rigid connections |
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| F22B 13/18 | UGR3 | | . . . | Flexible connections, e.g. of ball-and-socket type |
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| F22B 15/00 | HGR | Water-tube boilers of horizontal type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged horizontally |
| F22B 17/00 | HGR | Water-tube boilers of horizontally-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being inclined slightly with respect to the horizontal plane |
| F22B 17/02 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from water-tube sets in abutting connection with two header boxes in common for all sets, e.g. with flat header boxes |
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| F22B 17/04 | UGR2 | | . . | the water-tube sets being inclined in opposite directions, e.g. crosswise |
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| F22B 17/06 | UGR2 | | . . | the water-tube sets being bent angularly |
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| F22B 17/08 | UGR2 | | . . | the water-tube sets being curved |
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| F22B 17/10 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from water-tube sets in abutting connection with two sectional headers each for every set, i.e. with headers in a number of sections across the width or height of the boiler |
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| F22B 17/12 | UGR2 | | . . | the sectional headers being in vertical or substantially-vertical arrangement |
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| F22B 17/14 | UGR2 | | . . | the sectional headers being in horizontal or substantially-horizontal arrangement |
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| F22B 17/16 | UGR1 | | . | Component parts thereof; Accessories therefor |
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| F22B 17/18 | UGR2 | | . . | Header boxes; Sectional headers |
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| F22B 19/00 | HGR | Water-tube boilers of combined horizontally-inclined type and vertical type, i.e. water-tube boilers of horizontally-inclined type having auxiliary water-tube sets in vertical or substantially-vertical arrangement |
| F22B 21/00 | HGR | Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically |
| F22B 21/02 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from substantially-straight water tubes |
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| F22B 21/04 | UGR2 | | . . | involving a single upper drum and a single lower drum, e.g. the drums being arranged transversely |
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| F22B 21/06 | UGR3 | | . . . | the water tubes being arranged annularly in sets, e.g. in abutting connection with drums of annular shape |
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| F22B 21/08 | UGR3 | | . . . | the water tubes being arranged sectionally in groups or in banks, e.g. bent over at their ends |
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| F22B 21/10 | UGR3 | | . . . | the water tubes being arranged in staggered rows |
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| F22B 21/12 | UGR2 | | . . | involving two or more upper drums and two or more lower drums, e.g. with crosswise-arranged water-tube sets in abutting connection with drums |
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| F22B 21/14 | UGR2 | | . . | involving a single upper drum and two or more lower drums |
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| F22B 21/16 | UGR3 | | . . . | the lower drums being interconnected by further water tubes |
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| F22B 21/18 | UGR2 | | . . | involving two or more upper drums and a single lower drum |
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| F22B 21/20 | UGR2 | | . . | involving sectional or subdivided headers in separate arrangement for each water-tube set |
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| F22B 21/22 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight |
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| F22B 21/24 | UGR2 | | . . | bent in serpentine or sinuous form |
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| F22B 21/26 | UGR2 | | . . | bent helically, i.e. coiled |
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| F22B 21/28 | UGR2 | |
| F22B 21/30 | UGR2 | |
| F22B 21/32 | UGR3 | | . . . | disposed horizontally in abutting connection with upright headers or rising water mains |
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| F22B 21/34 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from water tubes grouped in panel form surrounding the combustion chamber, i.e. radiation boilers |
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| F22B 21/36 | UGR2 | | . . | involving an upper drum or headers mounted at the top of the combustion chamber |
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| F22B 21/38 | UGR2 | | . . | Component parts thereof, e.g. prefabricated panels |
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| F22B 21/40 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from water tubes arranged in a comparatively long vertical shaft, i.e. tower boilers |
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| F22B 23/00 | HGR | Water-tube boilers built-up from sets of spaced double-walled water tubes of return type in unilaterial abutting connection with a boiler drum or with a header box, i.e. built-up from Field water tubes comprising an inner tube arranged within an outer unilaterally-closed tube |
| F22B 23/02 | UGR1 | | . | the water-tube, i.e. Field-tube, sets being horizontal or substantially horizontal |
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| F22B 23/04 | UGR1 | | . | the water-tube, i.e. Field-tube, sets being vertical or substantially vertical |
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| F22B 23/06 | UGR1 | | . | Component parts thereof, e.g. Field water tubes (heat-exchange tubes in general F28F) |
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| F22B 25/00 | HGR | Water-tube boilers built-up from sets of water tubes with internally-arranged flue tubes, or fire tubes, extending through the water tubes |
| F22B 27/00 | HGR | Instantaneous or flash steam boilers |
| F22B 27/02 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from fire tubes |
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| F22B 27/04 | UGR1 | |
| F22B 27/06 | UGR2 | | . . | bent in serpentine or sinuous form |
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| F22B 27/08 | UGR2 | | . . | bent helically, i.e. coiled |
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| F22B 27/10 | UGR2 | |
| F22B 27/12 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from rotary heat-exchange elements, e.g. from tube assemblies |
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| F22B 27/14 | UGR1 | | . | built-up from heat-exchange elements arranged within a confined chamber having heat-retaining walls |
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| F22B 27/16 | UGR1 | | . | involving spray nozzles for sprinkling or injecting water particles on to or into hot heat-exchange elements, e.g. into tubes |
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| F22B 29/00 | HGR | Steam boilers of forced-flow type |
| F22B 29/02 | UGR1 | | . | of forced-circulation type |
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| F22B 29/04 | UGR1 | | . | of combined-circulation type, i.e. in which convection circulation due to the difference in specific gravity between cold and hot water is promoted by additional measures, e.g. by injecting pressure-water temporarily |
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| F22B 29/06 | UGR1 | | . | of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes (F22B 33/00 takes precedence) |
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| F22B 29/08 | UGR2 | | . . | operating with fixed point of final state of complete evaporation |
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| F22B 29/10 | UGR2 | | . . | operating with sliding point of final state of complete evaporation |
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| F22B 29/12 | UGR2 | | . . | operating with superimposed recirculation during starting and low-load periods, e.g. composite boilers |
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| F22B 31/00 | HGR | Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus (steam generation characterised by heating method F22B 1/00; combustion apparatus per seF23) |
| F22B 31/02 | UGR1 | | . | Installation of water-tube boilers in chimneys, e.g. in converter chimneys |
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| F22B 31/04 | UGR1 | | . | Heat supply by installation of two or more combustion apparatus, e.g. of separate combustion apparatus for the boiler and the superheater respectively |
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| F22B 31/06 | UGR2 | | . . | Installation of emergency heat supply |
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| F22B 31/08 | UGR1 | | . | Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion |
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| F22B 33/00 | HGR | Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association (arrangements or dispositions of steam-generation plants in marine vessels B63H 21/00) |
| F22B 33/02 | UGR1 | | . | Combinations of boilers having a single combustion apparatus in common |
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| F22B 33/04 | UGR2 | | . . | of boilers of furnace-tube type with boilers of water-tube type |
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| F22B 33/06 | UGR2 | | . . | of boilers of furnace-tube type with boilers of fire-tube type |
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| F22B 33/08 | UGR2 | | . . | of boilers of water-tube type with boilers of fire-tube type |
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| F22B 33/10 | UGR2 | | . . | of two or more superposed boilers with separate water volumes and operating with two or more separate water levels |
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| F22B 33/12 | UGR1 | | . | Self-contained steam boilers, i.e. comprising as a unit the steam boiler, the combustion apparatus, the fuel storage, accessory machines, and equipment |
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| F22B 33/14 | UGR1 | | . | Combinations of low- and high-pressure boilers |
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| F22B 33/16 | UGR2 | |
| F22B 33/18 | UGR1 | | . | Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus |
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| F22B 35/00 | HGR | Control systems for steam boilers (regulation or control of steam power plants F01K 7/00; for regulating feed-water supply F22D; for controlling superheat temperature F22G 5/00; control of combustion F23N) |
| F22B 35/02 | UGR1 | | . | for steam boilers with natural convection circulation |
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| F22B 35/04 | UGR2 | | . . | during starting-up periods, i.e. during the periods between the lighting of the furnaces and the attainment of the normal operating temperature of the steam boilers |
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| F22B 35/06 | UGR1 | | . | for steam boilers of forced-flow type |
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| F22B 35/08 | UGR2 | | . . | of forced-circulation type |
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| F22B 35/10 | UGR2 | |
| F22B 35/12 | UGR3 | | . . . | operating at critical or supercritical pressure |
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| F22B 35/14 | UGR2 | | . . | during the starting-up periods, i.e. during the periods between the lighting of the furnaces and the attainment of the normal operating temperature of the steam boilers |
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| F22B 35/16 | UGR2 | | . . | responsive to the percentage of steam in the mixture of steam and water |
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| F22B 35/18 | UGR1 | | . | Applications of computers to steam-boiler control |
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| F22B 37/00 | ZWE |
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| F22B 37/00 | HGR | Component parts or details of steam boilers (venting devices F16K 24/00; steam traps or like apparatus F16T) |
| F22B 37/02 | UGR1 | | . | applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler |
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| F22B 37/04 | UGR2 | | . . | and characterised by material, e.g. use of special steel alloy |
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| F22B 37/06 | UGR2 | | . . | Flue or fire tubes; Accessories therefor, e.g. fire-tube inserts |
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| F22B 37/08 | UGR3 | | . . . | Fittings preventing burning-off of the tube edges |
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| F22B 37/10 | UGR2 | | . . | Water tubes; Accessories therefor (working of metal tubes B21D; pipes in general F16L; repairing leaks in water tubes F16L 55/16, F28F 11/00; cleaning water tubes of boilers F23J, F28G; baffles, screens, or deflectors formed of water tubes F23M 9/10) |
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| F22B 37/12 | UGR3 | | . . . | Forms of water tubes, e.g. of varying cross-section |
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| F22B 37/14 | UGR3 | | . . . | Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes |
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| F22B 37/16 | UGR3 | |
| F22B 37/18 | UGR3 | | . . . | Inserts, e.g. for receiving deposits from water |
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| F22B 37/20 | UGR3 | | . . . | Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets (construction of tube walls of furnaces including boiler furnaces F23M 5/08) |
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| F22B 37/22 | UGR2 | | . . | Drums; Headers; Accessories therefor (making boilers from sheet metal B21D 51/24; pressure vessels in general F16J 12/00; covers or similar closure members for pressure vessels in general F16J 13/00) |
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| F22B 37/24 | UGR2 | | . . | Supporting, suspending, or setting arrangements, e.g. heat shielding (frames, engine beds F16M) |
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| F22B 37/26 | UGR2 | | . . | Steam-separating arrangements (vapour-liquid separators, e.g. for drying steam, B01D, B04) |
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| F22B 37/28 | UGR3 | | . . . | involving reversal of direction of flow |
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| F22B 37/30 | UGR3 | | . . . | using impingement against baffle separators |
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| F22B 37/32 | UGR3 | | . . . | using centrifugal force |
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| F22B 37/34 | UGR2 | | . . | Adaptations of boilers for promoting water circulation (auxiliary apparatus F22D 7/00) |
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| F22B 37/36 | UGR2 | | . . | Arrangements for sheathing or casing boilers |
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| F22B 37/38 | UGR2 | | . . | Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes (measuring or indicating instruments in general G01) |
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| F22B 37/40 | UGR2 | | . . | Arrangements of partition walls in flues of steam boilers, e.g. built-up from baffles (in flues or chimneys F23J 13/00) |
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| F22B 37/42 | UGR2 | | . . | Applications, arrangements, or dispositions of alarm or automatic safety devices (for feed-water heaters F22D 1/14; alarms responsive to undesired or abnormal conditions G08B) |
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| F22B 37/44 | UGR3 | | . . . | of safety valves (safety valves per seF16K) |
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| F22B 37/46 | UGR3 | | . . . | responsive to low or high water level, e.g. for checking, suppressing, extinguishing combustion in boilers (fire-fighting, fire extinction in general A62) |
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| F22B 37/47 | UGR3 | | . . . | responsive to abnormal temperature, e.g. actuated by fusible plugs (such alarms or devices per seG08B) |
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| F22B 37/48 | UGR2 | | . . | Devices or arrangements for removing water, minerals, or sludge from boilers (cleaning water tubes, furnace tubes, or the like of boilers F23J, F28G) |
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| F22B 37/50 | UGR3 | | . . . | for draining or expelling water |
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| F22B 37/52 | UGR3 | |
| F22B 37/54 | UGR3 | | . . . | De-sludging or blow-down devices |
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| F22B 37/56 | UGR2 | | . . | Boiler-cleaning control devices, e.g. for ascertaining proper duration of boiler blow-down |
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| F22B 37/58 | UGR2 | | . . | Removing tubes from headers or drums; Extracting tools |
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| F22B 37/60 | UGR1 | | . | specially adapted for steam boilers of instantaneous or flash type |
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| F22B 37/62 | UGR1 | | . | specially adapted for steam boilers of forced-flow type |
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| F22B 37/64 | UGR2 | | . . | Mounting of, or supporting arrangements for, tube units (construction of tube walls of furnaces, e.g. boiler furnaces F23M 5/08) |
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| F22B 37/66 | UGR3 | | . . . | involving vertically-disposed water tubes |
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| F22B 37/68 | UGR3 | | . . . | involving horizontally-disposed water tubes |
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| F22B 37/70 | UGR2 | | . . | Arrangements for distributing water into water tubes |
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| F22B 37/72 | UGR3 | | . . . | involving injection devices |
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| F22B 37/74 | UGR3 | | . . . | Throttling arrangements for tubes or sets of tubes |
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| F22B 37/76 | UGR1 | | . | Adaptations or mounting of devices for observing existence or direction of fluid flow (devices per seG01P) |
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| F22B 37/78 | UGR1 | | . | Adaptations or mounting of level indicators (level indicators per seG01F) |
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